geo.wikisort.org - Island

Alboran Island (Spanish: Isla de Alborán) is a small islet of Spain (province of Almería) in the Alboran Sea, part of the western Mediterranean Sea, about 56 kilometres (35 mi; 30 nmi) north of the Moroccan coast and 85 kilometres (53 mi; 46 nmi) from the Spanish mainland. The main buildings are an automated lighthouse built in the 19th century, a small cemetery, and a harbor.

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Alborán

Alborán Location of Alborán Island in Spain Show map of Spain Alborán Location of Alborán Island in Andalusia Show map of Andalusia
Geography
Location	Alboran Sea
Coordinates	35°56′22″N 03°02′07″W
Area	0.07 km2 (0.027 sq mi)
Highest elevation	15 m (49 ft)
Administration
Spain
Province	Province of Almería
Municipality	Almería
Demographics
Population	military staff only

Description

The island is a flat platform about 15 metres (49 feet) above sea level and about 71,200 m² (17.6 acres; 7.1 ha) in area. 100 m (328 ft) off the northeastern end of the island is the small islote de La Nube (literally, islet of the cloud).

Natural history

Alboran has a volcanic origin, located in an important seismic zone where the African plate collides with the Eurasian plate. In 1899 a new igneous rock was discovered on Alboran, with the name of alboranite, in honor of the island.

The islet has been recognised as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports a breeding population of Audouin's gulls, as well as various species of passerines on migration.[1]

The wall-rocket species Diplotaxis siettiana, called jaramago de Alborán in Spanish, has its only known wild population on the island. It was extinct there during much of the late 20th century but successfully reintroduced from ex-situ conservation stocks in 1999.

In 2001, the United Nations declared the island and its seabed a Specially Protected Areas of Mediterranean Importance.

History

The island became a power base of Mustafa ben Yusuf al Mahmud ed Din (Arabic: مصطفى بن يوسف المحمود الدين), a Tunisian corsair in the Ottoman sultan's service whose attacks were so ferocious that he became known as Al-Borani (hence the island's name), from the Turkish for "thunderstorm". It became a Spanish possession after the Battle of Alboran in 1540.[2]

Alborán has been known in error as "Albusama".[3]

The aristocrat Archduke Ludwig Salvator of Austria visited the island and published in Prague an illustrated book in German: Alboran (1898).[4][5]

Early in World War II, the shape of the flat island with a single building prompted a British bomber crew operating at dusk to bomb the island, mistaking it for a U-boat.^{[citation needed][dubious – discuss]}

In the mid-1960s there were several attempts by Soviet fishing boats to establish a settlement on Alboran, which forced the Spanish army to establish a permanent detachment of Spanish Navy Marines for the control and protection of the island.[2]

It is now home to a small Spanish Navy garrison and an automated lighthouse.

Administration

The island has belonged to the municipality of Almería since the 19th century.

References

Citations

Bibliography

• Gutiérrez Castillo, Víctor Luis (2003). "Análisis histórico-jurídico de la isla andaluza de Alborán". Revista Electrónica de Estudios Internacionales (6). ISSN 1697-5197.

На других языках

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[de] Isla de Alborán

Die Isla de Alborán ist eine zu Spanien gehörende Insel vulkanischen Ursprungs im Mittelmeer. Sie gehört administrativ zu Almería. Die Insel liegt zwischen der andalusischen Festlandsküste und Nordafrika, ungefähr 50 Kilometer vom marokkanischen Ras Tleta Madari und 90 Kilometer vom Festlandgebiet von Almería entfernt, und bildet seit dem 13. März 1995, als die an der nordafrikanischen Küste gelegenen Städte Ceuta und Melilla aus den andalusischen Provinzen Cádiz und Málaga herausgelöst wurden, den südlichsten Punkt der Autonomen Gemeinschaft Andalusien.

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- [en] Alboran Island

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[es] Isla de Alborán

La isla de Alborán es un islote español en forma de triángulo isósceles irregular y de origen volcánico ubicado en la parte occidental del mar Mediterráneo, entre la península ibérica y el norte de África. Pertenece al municipio de Almería y su faro está administrado por el puerto de Almería.[1][2]

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[fr] Alborán

Alborán (en arabe : al-burān, البران), aussi nommée le « nombril de la mer » pour les Arabes, est une île espagnole située dans la mer Méditerranée, à 57 km au nord de Melilla (côtes marocaines) et à 84 km des côtes espagnoles. L'Île est revendiquée par le Maroc[1]. L'île d'Alborán appartient à l'Espagne depuis 1540 , date de la bataille d'Alboran (en) selon l'historiographie officielle espagnole.

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[it] Alborán

Alborán (in arabo: جزيرة البران‎) è una piccola isola spagnola (0,0712 km²) situata nell'omonimo mare ed affiancata a uno scoglio disabitato, l'islote de la nube. L'isola dista circa 50 km dalle coste settentrionali del Marocco e 90 km dal sud della provincia di Almería, in Spagna. L'isola consiste in una zona pianeggiante appena al di sopra del livello del mare; il punto più alto dell'isola misura 15 m d'altezza.

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[ru] Альборан

Альбора́н (исп. Alborán) — крошечный вулканический островок в западной части Средиземного моря (в море Альборан), между Испанией и Марокко. Испания владеет островом с 1540 года. За исключением небольшого испанского военного гарнизона, на острове нет постоянного населения. Принадлежность острова оспаривается Марокко.

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